CHIMNEY LINER INSTALLATION

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You may be more concerned about retrofitting your existing chimney than in incorporating chimney features in new construction. Newly constructed buildings are designed to meet Chimney Safety Institute of America standards.

Why you should be concerned?The answer: unlined chimneys can lead to fires, property destruction, and loss of life.A chimney liner installation can save a lot of money.

Types of Chimney Liners

Three types of chimney liners are designed to operate inside masonry chimneys:

•    Clay
•    Ceramic
•    Metal

Their Purposes

Chimney liners perform several different services.

They:

•    Handle combustion products. Einstein said, “Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another.” Changes from fuel (wood, gas, oil, coal) by fire or heat produces combustion products (smoke, tar, acids).

•    Direct the combustion products into the world outside the building. However, some combustion products (residue ashes, for example),tars, and acids accumulate in the chimneys, requiring frequent cleaning. Creosote accumulates and is subject to combustion. Acids weaken masonry chimneys. Heat and corrosion limit the chimney’s life. Chimneys left unattended often simply collapse.

•    Move the heat quickly outward. The speed of heat movement is important. Masonry chimneys are enclosed in wood; the wood dries, eventually to combustibility. A liner inhibits heat transfer to the framing.

•    Separate the corrosive flue gasses from the chimney masonry. These gasses, and the acids they carry, literally “eat” the mortar that holds the masonry chimney together. One of those gasses is carbon monoxide, deadly to people.

•    Take concern for draft. The kind of flue you need for a fireplace differs from that required by a gas burner, a coal fire, a woodstove, or a gas or oil furnace. Each flue is a function of the design of the appliance used. There is no “one size fits all.” Get the size wrong and contribute to the creosote buildup in your chimney.

Three Types

Three types of chimney liners are commonly used for a chimney liner installation:

•    Clay tile: This type of liner is best for well-maintained fireplace chimneys. They are inexpensive, easily available, and can be installed by a qualified mason. Once installed, they must be regularly maintained, because they cannot easily diffuse heat during a chimney fire. The result of that problem could lead to cracking of the tiles and their eventual replacement.

•    Metal linersare generally not used for new construction. They must be properly installed and maintained to be safe. Aluminum liners apply only to gas heating devices only. Others require the stainless steel. Metal liners will also require a high temperature insulating material.

•    Cast-in-place liners are constructed by using components that pour like cement. These require the installation of a cast to produce a one-piece smooth, seamless, and separated route for the evacuation of flue gasses. They are easy to produce and improve the structural strength of the chimney.

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